#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

long countArray(int n, int k, int x) {
    long sum=0;
    if (n>3)
    {
        long n1=n-2;
         
        for (long i=0;i<n1-1;i++)
        {  
            long s=k;
         
            sum=sum+(k-1);
            
           
        }
        
        sum+=(k-2);
    }
    return sum;
    
}

int main() {
    int n;
    int k;
    int x;
    cin >> n >> k >> x;
    long answer = countArray(n, k, x);
    cout << answer << endl;
    return 0;
}