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It's because it doesn't go back down until the element after the section ends.
eg: n = 4, a = 1, b = 2 k = 3.
So we have 3 3 0 0 after reading in that line.
In his array he represents this as 3 0 -3 0
ie the subtraction is the element after the last element in the section.
The reason the lower value has a "-1" is because java uses 0-indexed arrays, ie they start at 0. But the input for this question only starts at 1. So he puts the values one index lower in the array.
The upper value has no "-1" for the reason in the above paragraph about subtracting after the last element in the section
Array Manipulation
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It's because it doesn't go back down until the element after the section ends.
eg: n = 4, a = 1, b = 2 k = 3. So we have 3 3 0 0 after reading in that line. In his array he represents this as 3 0 -3 0 ie the subtraction is the element after the last element in the section.
The reason the lower value has a "-1" is because java uses 0-indexed arrays, ie they start at 0. But the input for this question only starts at 1. So he puts the values one index lower in the array. The upper value has no "-1" for the reason in the above paragraph about subtracting after the last element in the section