Dependency 1: a, c → b, d Left side (a, c)

Since (a, c) functionally determines b and d, its closure includes attributes {a, c, b, d} — that is, all attributes in R.

Therefore, (a, c) is a superkey.

Conclusion: Because the left side is a superkey, this dependency complies with 3NF.

🔹 Dependency 2: a, d → b Right side (b)

Although (a, d) is not a superkey, the right side b is a prime attribute (part of the primary key (a, b)).

Conclusion: Since b is prime, this dependency also complies with 3NF.

R represent Table, and (a, b, c, d) represent columns in the table.

Since all the values are atomic and we have a given primary key(a, b) we can say it is in the 1NF.

But a, c -> b, d ( meaning b, d can be determined from a, c). Here we have partial dependency, since (b, d) is not being fully dependent on the primary key (a, b), even though the answer turn out to be incorrect.

But

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Answer: 3

the answer is 3