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    When we merge all three tables into one universal relation

    𝑅(name, addr, memberno, description, director, serialno, date) R(name, addr, memberno, description, director, serialno, date) and apply the normal-form rules:

    It clearly has atomic columns → 1NF holds

    There are no partial dependencies on a composite key → 2NF holds

    However, it exhibits a transitive dependency

    (serialno, date) → memberno →(name, addr) (serialno,date)→memberno→(name,addr) where name and addr depend indirectly on serialno and date, violating 3NF’s “no non-key → non-key” rule

    .

    Since it fails 3NF, it cannot be in BCNF.

    Thus, the highest normal form satisfied is 2NF.