Day 6: Bitwise Operators

Objective

Today, we're practicing bitwise operations. Check the attached tutorial for more details.

Task

We define to be a sequence of distinct sequential integers from to ; in other words, . We want to know the maximum bitwise AND value of any two integers, and (where ), in sequence that is also less than a given integer, .

Complete the function in the editor so that given and , it returns the maximum .

Note: The symbol represents the bitwise AND operator.

Input Format

The first line contains an integer, , denoting the number of function calls.
Each of the subsequent lines defines a dataset for a function call in the form of two space-separated integers describing the respective values of and .

Constraints

Output Format

Return the maximum possible value of for any in sequence .

Sample Input 0

Sample Output 0

1
4
0

Explanation 0

We perform the following function calls:

When and , we have the following possible and values in set :

The maximum of any that is also is , so we return .
When and , the maximum of any in set is (see table above), so we return .
When and , the maximum of any in set is (see table above), so we return .

Sample Input 1

2
9 2
8 3

Sample Output 1

1
2

Explanation 1

We perform the following function calls:

When and , the maximum of any in set is (see table above), so we return .
When and , the maximum of any in set is (see table above), so we return .